1. Power steering feels heavy or lacks assistance Fault Symptom: The steering becomes heavy, with a brief loss of hydraulic assistance. Cause of malfunction: ① Oil pump V-belt slack ② Oil reservoir level too low ③ Insufficient oil pump pressure ④ Pressure control sticking ⑤ Excessive external leakage ⑥ Excessive internal leakage ⑦ Steering shaft bushing too tight ⑧ Front suspension deformation ⑨ A...
The engine generates power by burning fuel within the cylinders to perform work. As the amount of fuel input is constrained by the volume of air drawn into the cylinders, the engine's power output is consequently limited. Should the engine's operating performance already be at its optimum state, increasing output power can only be achieved by compressing more air into the cylinders to increase the...
Design considerations must encompass not only manufacturing processes but also the ease of assembly for OEMs. During the trial production phase of a new automotive model, frequent assembly difficulties arose with the air conditioning refrigeration piping, leading to substantial redesign costs later on. By implementing synchronous engineering for final assembly, virtual assembly analysis and design...
The steering systems fitted to motor vehicles can broadly be categorised into three types: (1) Mechanical hydraulic power steering systems; (2) Electro-hydraulic power steering systems; (3) Electric power steering systems. I.Electric Power Steering System (EPS) 1. The full English name is Electronic Power Steering, abbreviated as EPS. It utilises power generated by an electric motor to assis...
How does a turbocharger work? Turbocharging works by compressing air, enabling the engine to accommodate greater volumes of air. This facilitates thorough mixing and combustion of fuel and air, thereby enhancing the engine's power output. What are the advantages and disadvantages of turbocharging? The advantages include an engine power increase of over 30%, with theoretically more complete combust...
Adding a turbocharger kit to your vehicle is a complex and intricate process. Forced induction conversion (adding a turbocharger or supercharger) should be undertaken with meticulous care and a thorough understanding of the concepts required for the system to function smoothly. Below is an explanation of the fundamental components that should be included in any basic turbocharger kit and their res...
I. Composition of the Air Conditioning System & Introduction to Components Composition of the Air Conditioning System: Automotive air conditioning systems typically comprise the following components: compressor, condenser, receiver-drier, expansion valve, evaporator, blower fan, throttle valve, and ventilation system. Introduction to Air Conditioning System Components—HVAC Air Conditioning Ass...
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