Adding a turbocharger kit to your vehicle is a complex and intricate process. Forced induction conversion (adding a turbocharger or supercharger) should be undertaken with meticulous care and a thorough understanding of the concepts required for the system to function smoothly. Below is an explanation of the fundamental components that should be included in any basic turbocharger kit and their respective functions.

Turbocharger

The turbocharger component of the turbo kit is the most obvious. The turbocharger is essentially a powerful, high-capacity air compressor driven by the energy from the engine's exhaust gases. It is important to remember that not just any turbo will suffice. The turbo's capacity must be carefully matched to the engine and the desired performance.

Intercooler
Virtually all turbocharged systems require an intercooler for proper operation. An intercooler acts as an “air radiator”, cooling the air that has been compressed by the turbocharger before it reaches the engine's intake. Without an intercooler during the pressurisation process, the air becomes excessively heated, which may lead to dangerous pre-detonation.

Turbocharger Manifold and Downpipe
The turbo manifold is fitted to the exhaust stream of the turbocharged engine, housing the compressor blades where the turbocharger operates. The downpipe seamlessly connects the turbocharger to the remainder of the exhaust system, integrating it into the vehicle's existing exhaust layout.

Intercooler and Intake Piping
The intercooler and intake piping connect the turbocharger on the engine to the compressor. The outlet of the intercooler and intake manifold connects to the air filter at the intake port. The turbo piping is stronger than the stock components to handle the pressurised intake airflow at increased pressure.

Oil/coolant supply lines
Depending on whether the turbocharger is water-cooled, coolant lines may or may not be required for your turbocharger kit. All turbochargers will require an oil supply line to maintain bearing lubrication and cooling.

Fuel Management
Many turbocharger kits will require a fuel controller to ensure the correct amount of fuel is delivered to the engine under the additional boost pressure.