The EU’s stringent carbon emission regulations are driving the acceleration of electrification, yet Europe faces a severe shortage of domestic production capacity for batteries, electric drive systems and smart components, coupled with slow technological advancement and a reliance on external supplies. In 2024, China’s exports of automotive components totalled US$93.43 billion, with Europe represe...
Air conditioning piping connects the four major components of the system—the compressor, condenser, evaporator and expansion valve—to form a closed system, within which the refrigerant is stored or circulates. When the air conditioning system is in operation, the refrigerant circulates continuously, exchanging heat with the outside environment to achieve the cooling function. To ensure the refrige...